SuZhou Tonkida Electromechanical Technology Co., Ltd Professional SMT whole line supplier

1. According to the size and shape of wave soldering and workload, wave soldering types are divided

1, micro wave welding machine

The application object of microcomputer design is mainly research institutes, schools and other research and development departments, and the production range is multi-variety, small batch, miniaturized new product trial production, without the need for fixed operators. The design characteristics of this type of model are: the crest width is usually not more than 200mm, the filler metal tank volume is not more than 50KG, small and exquisite, small footprint, easy to carry, especially easy to operate, human-machine interface friendly, fault tolerance ability.

2, small wave welding machine

The application range of this type of model is medium and small batch production units and scientific research departments. It generally uses a linear transmission mode, high efficiency, the peak width is usually less than 300mm, the solders have a medium capacity (single-wave models are usually less than 150kg, double-wave models are less than 200kg), the operating system is more complex than the microcomputer, the shape is larger than the microcomputer, can be desktop, can also be floor type. From the perspective of user usage, most scientific research departments are willing to choose such models to replace microcomputers in order to obtain a larger choice in the application range. Relatively speaking, the price of small wave soldering is also relatively low, which can save costs for enterprises.

3, medium wave soldering machine

The application object of medium-sized machine is medium and mass production units and enterprises. Its design features are: The machine is larger, the overall layout is the use of cabinet structure, usually the peak width is above 300mm, the filler metal groove capacity is greater than 200kg(single wave peak machine) or 250kg(double wave peak machine), the larger up to 00kqg, the use of frame or claw linear clamping mode, more functional, fast clamping speed, high operating efficiency, more accessories for users to choose, Good matching with front and rear line bodies.

4, large wave welding machine

Mainframes are designed primarily for some user needs. Its main design feature is to make full use of modern scientific and technological means and the latest achievements of wave welding technology, the pursuit is the perfect function, advanced performance, intelligent control and system modernization. Such equipment is expensive, complex maintenance, good welding quality, high efficiency, and large production capacity, so it is suitable for mass production.

Second, according to the wave welding method classification wave soldering types

1, single wave soldering

Single wave soldering is the use of solder pump molten solder continuously vertically upward toward the long outlet, forming a 20 ~ 40mm high wave. In this way, the solder can act on the PCB at a certain speed and pressure, and fully penetrate into the lead of the component to be welded and the circuit board, so that it is completely wet and welded.

2, inclined wave soldering

The difference between this wave crest welder and the general wave crest welder is that the transfer guide rail is installed in a slope mode at a fixed Angle, as shown in the figure. The advantage of this is that it increases the length of contact between the circuit board welding surface and the solder wave. If the circuit board passes through the wave at the same speed, the time of solder joint infiltration is equivalent to increase, which can improve the running speed and welding efficiency of the transmission guide rail; It is not only conducive to the flux volatilization in the solder joint, to avoid the formation of gas welding spots, but also to allow excess solder to flow down.

3, high-wave wave soldering

The high wave peak welding machine is suitable for the "long pin insertion welding" process of THT components, and its solder groove and tin wave nozzle are shown in the figure. Its characteristics are that the power of the solder centrifugal pump is relatively large, the height of the tin wave emitted from the nozzle is relatively high, and its height h can be adjusted to ensure that the pin of the component passes smoothly from the tin wave. Generally, a leg cutting machine is configured behind the high-wave welding machine to cut the pins of the components.

4, hollow wave wave soldering

As the name suggests, the characteristic of the hollow wave is that the nozzle outlet of the molten lead tin solder is provided with a pointer shaped adjusting rod, so that the solder molten liquid from the nozzle on both sides of the symmetric narrow gap evenly spray out, so that the middle of the two waves form a hollow area, and the direction of the solder molten liquid jet on both sides is opposite. Due to the Bernoulli Effect of a hollow wave, its waves do not push the component away from the substrate, but instead make the component stick to the substrate.

5, disorder wave soldering

By replacing the pointer adjusting rod of the hollow wave nozzle with a porous plate, a disturbance wave composed of several small waves can be obtained, as shown in the figure. The disturbance wave that looks like a planar spring can also overcome the shielding effect and shadow effect of the general wave soldering.

6, wide flat wave wave soldering

The spreader is installed at the nozzle outlet of the solder, and the molten lead tin liquid is sprayed out from the inclined nozzle to form a biased wide flat wave (also called sheet wave). The flow rate of the wide flat wave against the direction of the printed board is large, and it has a good scrubbing effect on the circuit board. On the side of the extender, the wave surface of the molten liquid is wide and flat, and the flow rate is small, so that the welding object can obtain a better after-heat effect, and play the effect of trimming the welding surface, eliminating the bridge and pull, and enriching the solder joint outline.

7, selective wave soldering

In recent years, the utilization rate of SMT components has been rising, and it has accounted for about 95% in some mixed assembly electronic products, according to the previous ideas, the program of reflow welding on the A-side of the circuit board and wave soldering on the B-side has been faced with challenges. In products based on integrated circuits, it is difficult to ensure that only temperature-resistant SMC components are mounted on the B plane, and SMD is not mounted - the integrated circuit has a poor ability to withstand high temperatures, which may be damaged by wave soldering; If a small number of THT components are welded by manual welding, it is difficult to guarantee the sensitivity. For this reason, foreign manufacturers have introduced selective wave soldering equipment. The working principle of this device is: under the control of the program converted by the circuit board design file, the small wave soldering tank and nozzle are moved to the position of the circuit board to be repaired, and the flux is sequentially and quantitatively sprayed and the solder wave is sprayed for partial welding.

8, double wave soldering

Double wave soldering machine is an improved wave soldering equipment developed in the SMT era, especially suitable for welding the circuit board of THT+SMT hybrid components. The solder wave pattern of the double wave welding machine is shown in the figure. When using this equipment to weld the printed circuit board, the THT components should adopt the "short pin insertion welding" process. The welded surface of the circuit board is formed by two waves of molten lead-tin solder: the forms of these two solder waves are different, and the common wave pattern combination is "disorder wave" + "wide flat wave".